Document Type : METHODOLOGICAL PAPER
Authors
1 MA of Interpretation, Faculty of Quran and Hadith, Seminary of Qom, Qom, Iran (Corresponding Author)
2 Researcher of Qom Seminary Language Center, Qom, Iran
Abstract
SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: This study demonstrate the impact of cyberspace and its facilities, such as Google Translate, on the boundless realm of English translations. Particularly English translations of the most sophisticated text like a chapter (Al-Falaq) of Quran has been targeted to analyze cyberspace role in this regard.
METHOD AND FINDING: In form of tables, 57 translation of Quran including the one offered by Google Translate has been gathered. These translations were being compared in tables with four section: Translasion, Translators, Number of translations, Percent of frequency. Then section 2 eliminated and delivered to the references. Considering the numbers and percentages after each table a discussion about the meaning and regulations of words in Arabic language is appeared and offered the best equivalence for each word. In comparison with the Google Translate suggestions these discussions indicate how much it is efficient, reliable and qualified to use Google translate as a tool of cyberspace for convey the meanings.
CONCLUSION: Based on findings of the article and comparable tables, the preferred translation for Chapter Al-Falaq is as following:
In the name of Allah, the All- merciful, the Gracious.
1. Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak.
2. and from the evil of whatever He has created.
3. and from the darkness when it falls.
4. and from those who blow in the knots.
5. and from the envier when he envies.
In conclusion according to preferred translation above and its analogy with Google Translate suggested words it seems that Google translate is yet to be a perfect machine capable of giving the suitable translations and a translator with a reasonable sense of distinction between similar conditions and parts of speech cannot yet be replaced by a translation machine with no senses.
Keywords
- English Translations of Quran
- Chapter Al-Falaq
- Model of Word Selection
- Google Translate
- Chosen Words
Main Subjects
- The Holly Quran.
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Asad, Leopold Weiss, 1980 (The Message of The Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Marmaduke William Pickthall, 1930 (The meaning of the Glorious Koran).
- English Translation of Quran, Mohammad Habib Shakir, 1970 (The Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Saudi Rev. 1985, Orig. 1938, (The Meaning of the Glorious Koran).
- English Translation of Quran, Dr. Laleh Mehree Bakhtiar, 2007.
- English Translation of Quran, Wahid Uddin Khan, 2009 (The Quran: Translation and Commentary with Parallel Arabic Text).
- English Translation of Quran, Thomas Ballantine Irving (Talim Ali), 1985 (The Quran: The First American Version).
- English Translation of Quran, Safi Kaskas, 2015 (The Qur'an: A Contemporary Understanding).
- English Translation of Quran, Muntakhab (Base on the Arabic Al-Muntakhab Tafsir try by a Group of Scholars).
- English Translation of Quran, the Monotheist Group, 2011 Edition.
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Abdel-Haleem, 2004.
- English Translation of Quran, Abdul Majid Daryabadi, 1941.
- English Translation of Quran, Ahmed Ali, 2001.
- English Translation of Quran, AbdalHaqq and Aisha Bewley, 1999.
- English Translation of Quran, Ali Ünal, 2006.
- English Translation of Quran, Sayyid Ali Quli Qara'I, 2005.
- English Translation of Quran, Hamid S.Aziz, 2009.
- English Translation of Quran, Dr. Mohammad Mahmood Ghali, 2001 (Toward Understanding the Ever-Glorious Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Sarwar, 1981 (The Holy Quran: Arabic Text and English Translation).
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Taqi Usmani, 2008 (Translation of Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Shabbir Ahmed, 2003 (The Quran as it Explains itself).
- English Translation of Quran, Syed Vickar Ahamed, 2007 (English Translation of the Meaning of the Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Aminah Assami (umm Muhammad), Sahih International, 1997 (Primary Translators, Three Translators all in all).
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik, (Malik Al-Qur'an Translation, Published: 1997, the Institute of Islamic Knowledge, Houston, Texas, USA).
- English Translation of Quran, Dr. Munir Munshey, 2000 (The Meaning of the Marvelous Majestic Qur'an).
- English Translation of Quran, Dr. Mohammad Tahir-ul-Qadri, 2011.
- English Translation of Quran, Dr. Kamal Omar, 2014 (Introductory Translation and Commentary of The Quran, Al Kitab a Translation by Dr. Kamal Omar).
- English Translation of Quran, Talal A. Itani, 2012 (The Quran Translated to English).
- English Translation of Quran, Bilal Muhammad, 2013 Edition.
- English Translation of Quran, Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, 1972 (Tafhim al-Qur'an, The Meaning of the Qur'an).
- English Translation of Quran, Ali Bakhtiari Nejad, 2014.
- English Translation of Quran, the Monotheist Group, 2013 Edition.
- English Translation of Quran, Mohammad Shafi, 2012.
- English Translation of Quran, Bijan Moeinian, 2000.
- English Translation of Quran, Professor Shah Faridul Haque, 1990.
- English Translation of Quran, Hasan Al-Fatih Qaribullah and Ahmad Darwish, 2001 (The Meaning of the Glorious Koran).
- English Translation of Quran, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, 1917 (The Holy Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Mohamed J. Ahmed and Samira Ahmed, 1994.
- English Translation of Quran, Maulvi Sher Ali, 1936.
- English Translation of Quran, Rashad Khalifa, 1978, The Quran: The Final Scripture (Authorized English Version).
- English Translation of Quran, Ahmed Raza Khan (Barelvi), 1910.
- English Translation of Quran, Amatol Rehman Omar and Abdul Mannan Omar, 1997 (The Holy Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Taqi al-Din Al-Hilali and Muhammad Muhsin Khan, 1999.
- English Translation of Quran, Arthur john Arberry, 1955 (The Koran Interpreted).
- English Translation of Quran, Edward Henry Palmer, 1880.
- English Translation of Quran, George Sale, 1734.
- English Translation of Quran, John Medows Rodwell, 1861.
- English Translation of Quran, Nessim Joseph Dawood, 1956 (The Koran).
- English Translation of Quran, Sayyid Qutb, 1965.
- English Translation of Quran, Torres Al Haneef (Partial Translation).
- English Translation of Quran, Mir Aneesuddin, 1993.
- English Translation of Quran, Sajjadi Vafakhani Mir Ahmed Ali, 1964.
- English Translation of Quran, Muhammad Aqib Farid Qadri, 2001 (The Glorious Quran).
- English Translation of Quran, Nurettin Uzunoglu, Tevfik Rustu Topuzoglu, Ali Ozek and Mehmed Maksudoglu, 2000 (The Majestic Quran: an English Rendition of Its Meanings).
- English Translation of Quran, Zafar Ishaq Ansari, 1988 (Towards Understanding the Quran).
- Abdul-Rauf, H., (2004), The Qur'an: Limits of Translatability, In: S. Faiq (Ed), Cultural Encounters in Translation from Arabic, Toronto: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
- Ahmed, Mohamed., Ahmed, Samira., (1994), Qur'an, A Literal Translation, 1th Edition.
- Al Ashfahani, Raghib., (1412 H), Al Mufradât fî Gharîb al Qur’an, Beirut: Dâr Al Qalam.
- Ali, Abdullah Yusuf., (1995) the Meaning of the Holy Qurʾān, Brentwood: Amana.
- Ali, Abubaker., Brakhw, M Alsaleh., Zarirruddin Fikri Bin Nordin, Munif., Shaik Ismail Sharifah Fazliyaton., Some Linguistic Difficulties in Translating the Holy Qur'an from Arabic into English, International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, No. 6, 2 (2012).
- Almostari, Mustafa Ibn Yousef., (1431 H), AL-Abdia Benefits; Sharhi Unmuzaj of Zamakhshari (Explanation of Al-Zamakhshari's Model), Saudi Arabia.
- Arberry, Arthur J., (1964), The Koran Interpreted, London: Oxford University Press.
- Asadi Amjad, Fazel., Associate Professor of English Language Department, Problems and Strategies in English Translation of Quranic Divine Names, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Published: February 23, 2013.
- Baker, M., (1993), Corpus Linguistics and Translation Studies: Implications and Applications, In: M. Baker, G. Francis and E. Tognini-Bonelli, eds, Text and Technology: In Honour of John Sinclair, Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, pp. 233–50.
- Bakri Al-Azzam., Mohammed Al-Ahaydib., Eman Al-Huqail., Cultural Problems in the Translation of the Qur’an, International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation, Published online May 27, 2015.
- Beekman, John., John Callow., (1974), Translating the Word of God, Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.
- Halimah, Ahmad Mustafa., Advances in Language and Literary Studies, Translation of the Holy Quran: A Call for Standardization, Department of English Language and Literature, College of Arts, King Faisal University.
- Ibn Mandhur., (1994), Lisan Al-Arab, Third Edition, Egypt: Dar-ul-Fikr.
- J. C., CATFORD., (1965). A Linguistic Theory of Translation,An Essay in Applied Linguistics, London: Oxford University Press.
- Kidwai, Akhlaq Ur Rehman., A survey of English translations of the Quran, The Muslim World Book Review, Vol. 7, and No. 4 summer 1987.
- Lane Edward William., (1863), Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Willams and Norgate.
- Manafi Anari, Salar., (2006), An Approach to EnglishTranslation of Islamic Texts,Tehran.
- Netmark, Peter.,(2006),A Textbook of Translation, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
- Nida, Eugene., (1964),Toward a Science of Translating, with Special Reference to Principles and Procedures Involved in Bible Translation, Leiden: Brill.
- Pearson Education Staff and Pearson Longman Staff., Longman Dictionary of American English, 4th Edition (Paperback with CD-ROM) Pearson Education ESL, February 2, 2008.
- Pickthall, Marmaduke., (1987), The Glorious Qur'an, 3rd Ed. New York: Mustazafin Foundation of New York.
- Progressive Muslims., (2008), The Message- A Translation of the Glorious Qur'an.
- Qarai, Sayyid Ali Quli., (2005), The Qur’an With a Phrase-by-Phrase, 2nd (Revised) Edition.
- Saffarzaheh., (2001), The Holy Quran: English and Persian Translation with Commentary, Tehran: Honar Bidari Publisher.
- Slepchenko, Natalia., (2010), Teaching Translation, Krasnoyarsk Teachers` Training College.
- Tabarsi, Abu Ali al-Fadl bin Husain., (1380 H), Majma'-ul-Bayan fi Tafsir-il-Qur'an,Dar-u-Ihya'-it- Turath-il' Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Tabatabai, Seyyid Mohammad Hussain., (1397 H), Al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an, 3rd Ed, Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah.
- Wehr, Hans., Cowan, J M., (1976), A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, Third Edition, Ithaca, N.Y: Spoken Language Services.
- Wright, William., (1976), A Grammar of the Arabic Language, (White’s Arabic Grammar), London.
- http://biblehub.com/psalms/23-3.htm
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Arabic_verbs
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_definite_article
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basmala
- https://english.stackexchange.com
- http://www.al-islam.org
- http://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/ar-en
- http://www.dictionary.torjoman.com
- http://www.compellingtruth.org/mercy-grace.html
- http://www.Google.com