Human Rights and World Peace
Hamid Moridian; Hamzeh-Ali Islaminasab; Sayed Mohammad Tabatabaei; Mohammed Benlamkaddem
Abstract
SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: Contemporary emerging spirituality is derived from spirituality in postmodern conditions, moving beyond the era of modernity toward a form of spirituality without religion. Thus, the formation of contemporary emergent spirituality arises in response to the spiritual deficiencies ...
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SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: Contemporary emerging spirituality is derived from spirituality in postmodern conditions, moving beyond the era of modernity toward a form of spirituality without religion. Thus, the formation of contemporary emergent spirituality arises in response to the spiritual deficiencies of modernity, characterized by a pursuit of tranquility, accommodation to existing circumstances, and a stance of moral and political disengagement. This study aims to examine the critiques leveled against the elements of humanistic spirituality in newly emerging spiritual movements situated within the postmodern framework.METHOD & FINDING: Using qualitative content analysis, the components of humanistic spirituality in emerging spirituality-based movements within the postmodern context were extracted and subsequently subjected to critical analysis and review. The findings of the study indicate that one of the defining characteristics of this movement is humanism, according to which the human being is regarded as the measure of all things and the axis of the universe, standing in contrast to the various forms of theocentric religious thoughts. CONCLUSION: Prioritizing humanity and its desires over the primacy of God and His absolute will is a central consequence of humanistic spirituality, resulting in tendencies toward empiricism, pluralism, the pursuit of liberty, and individualism. Spiritual modernism is centered on a re-presentation of the sacred in a different form, and the stress on religious experientialism is rooted in an inadequate or flawed understanding of God, the cosmos, and the human being. With the introduction of religious experience, the legitimacy of every religion and denomination becomes dependent on the personal experience of each individual, making religiosity a relative matter and replacing religious realism with religious relativism.
Human Rights and World Peace
Tofiq Asadov; Mohammad-Hossein Sharifi
Abstract
SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: ‘Idālah (justice) in executing punishment against offenders must correspond with the circumstances of the crime and the offender at the time of commitment. Simultaneously with the determination and operationalization of punishments for various crimes, it is essential ...
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SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: ‘Idālah (justice) in executing punishment against offenders must correspond with the circumstances of the crime and the offender at the time of commitment. Simultaneously with the determination and operationalization of punishments for various crimes, it is essential to consider all aspects of the criminals’ situation. Given that Islam seeks to uphold justice in all affairs, this study's primary objective is to propose solutions for implementing justice for offenders.METHOD & FINDING: Using an analytical-descriptive method, this study found that punishing all offenders solely based on a general law, without considering external factors of the crime and the criminal, including the individual's personality and social-psychological factors, is considered a crime itself, constituting another form of injustice.CONCLUSION: Rather than finding what the punishment for a specific crime is, we should inquire who the offenders are, what their level of education is, where they were raised, and the quality of their biological, neurological, and psychological conditions simultaneously at the time of committing the crime. Examining all aspects of the crimes and offenders, a just decree will be issued.
Political Science and Governance
Sergey Mikhalev; Ali Ahmadi Amin
Abstract
SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: This article explores the ethics of political leaders in “Nahj al-Balagha,” a collection of sayings, letters, and sermons attributed to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib , the first imam of the Shiites and the fourth caliph in Sunni Islam, as well as a prominent leader ...
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SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: This article explores the ethics of political leaders in “Nahj al-Balagha,” a collection of sayings, letters, and sermons attributed to Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib , the first imam of the Shiites and the fourth caliph in Sunni Islam, as well as a prominent leader of the historical period of Islam. Over the centuries, “Nahj al-Balagha” has become an integral source of Muslim literature, and its content is actively studied for ethical and political lessons. This research aims to analyze the ethical principles and norms embedded in “Nahj al-Balagha,” with a focus on the role of political leaders.METHOD & FINDING: The research is conducted through qualitative analysis of the texts in “Nahj al-Balagha” using methods such as thematic analysis, content analysis, and comparative analysis. The texts are systematically examined to identify explicit and implicit ethical principles, as well as examples and scenarios related to political ethics. Contextual data is utilized for a more comprehensive understanding of the philosophy and ethics embedded in “Nahj al-Balagha”.CONCLUSION: It is expected that the results of this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the ethical values that political leaders should adhere to according to “Nahj al-Balagha.” The study encompasses several key aspects, such as justice, honesty, compassion, conscience, governance, and leadership. The ethical expectations of leaders are presented in three contexts: subordinates, the general population, and their adversaries. By analyzing the texts of “Nahj al-Balagha” related to political matters and leadership, this work seeks to determine which ethical principles are deemed important for political leaders and how these principles may influence their behavior and decision-making.
Religion and Life
Ziba Mirsepasi (Iran); Dr. Syed Ali-Asghar Soltani (Iran); Dr. Mohammad-Reza Yousefi (Iran)
Abstract
SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: The Holy Quran is a divine text and contains wise interpretations for the audience, which can be understood to some extent with the help of conceptual metaphors. The present study is an attempt to investigate the conceptual metaphors of “Selm” in examples of Quranic ...
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SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: The Holy Quran is a divine text and contains wise interpretations for the audience, which can be understood to some extent with the help of conceptual metaphors. The present study is an attempt to investigate the conceptual metaphors of “Selm” in examples of Quranic verses and its purpose is finding and understanding the conceptual metaphors of “Selm” in the Quran, their clarification and classification and then description, interpretation and explanation them. The question of this research is what kind of conceptual metaphors the Quran has used to objectify the abstract concept of peace and how can they be explained.METHOD AND FINDING: The research is in the framework of the Charteris-Black metaphor critical analysis approach which is almost a qualitative research method. Therefore, with the help of the third version of the “Noor Jami’ al-Tafasir Software”, a sample body of 127 verses consisting of 54 keywords is extracted from the root of “Selm” Then their conceptual metaphors were examined. Based on the findings of this study, 37 conceptual metaphors have been extracted in the source domains of journey, conflict, religion, building, light and body parts. The source domains of light and conflict are the least productive and the source domain of journey with 72% of the total resonance is the most productive domain, which the conceptual key “peace is journey” can be deduced.CONCLUSION: According to the research findings on the conceptual metaphors of “Selm”, it is clear that the approach of the Quran is peace-oriented.
The Meaning of Life
Syed Hidayat Ali Shah Rizvi (Pakistan); Dr. Mohsin Alviri (Iran)
Abstract
SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: Finding the main causes of hostility origin amongst people, peace authorities attempted to present their peacemaking models to enhance peace in a context of individuals, groups and societies hostilities. Faith-based peacemaking that is derived from the main sources of religious ...
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SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: Finding the main causes of hostility origin amongst people, peace authorities attempted to present their peacemaking models to enhance peace in a context of individuals, groups and societies hostilities. Faith-based peacemaking that is derived from the main sources of religious thought, including the Quran and Sunna, is the model by which peacemakers tried to solve the problems of religious people in Modern age.METHOD AND FINDING: The present paper after analyzing the main religious sources finds the outstanding character of Islamic peacemaking is the holy Prophet Muhammad as he is introduced to be a perfect role model for all humanity in any time, including modern lives. It seems to be the component in the proposal narrative where fill the gap between the objectives and the eventual outcome. It is also where demonstrate the feasibility of the research project's by detailing the experiences and resources used that will be drawn upon to carry out the research.CONCLUSION: Therefore, the tradition of the Holy Prophet has been investigated in order to show how he behaved in the multi-cultural and multi-religious environment of Medina in order to create a unified society. Dialogue was a tactic that the Prophet used in dealing with people by reciting the glorious Quran and issuing the Charter of Medina to unify the diverse society of Medina under a new culture of Muslim brotherhood and Umma.
Human Rights and World Peace
Dr. Khadijeh Ahmadi Bighash (Iran); Dr. Mohsen Qamarzadeh (Iran)
Abstract
SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: The world system is becoming increasingly unbalanced, uncertain and incoherent. Humans turn to “culture” as a fulcrum, a refuge, and a means of resisting the imposition of a world order. Inequality and imbalance in cultural exchanges have created insecurity, insecurity ...
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SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES: The world system is becoming increasingly unbalanced, uncertain and incoherent. Humans turn to “culture” as a fulcrum, a refuge, and a means of resisting the imposition of a world order. Inequality and imbalance in cultural exchanges have created insecurity, insecurity and mental confusion for many people. The logic of extremist rejection and narcissism endangers world peace and security, and even harms economic growth, harmony and social cohesion, and threatens the inherent dignity of human beings, exposing the cultural diversity and creativity that is vital to human well-being direct to threat.METHOD AND FINDING: One must now seek help from oneself and rationality, and prove by theory and practice the invalidity of theories and theories that do not prescribe inequality, intolerance, and intolerance. Accordingly, Instead of simply accepting diversity, need to promote mutual respect and tolerance. Calling for a nation to be sanctioned is a warning sign. Such demands indicate a tendency to deepen stereotypes and discriminate against the “other”. The notion that cultural homogenization entails solidarity is as simplistic as the notion of cultural diversity, conflict, and war.CONCLUSION: Reason and religious interests Dictate that should have a Trans-Ethnic, Trans-Racial, Trans-Linguistic view; Because all religions emphasize a universal view and do not prescribe an ethnic view.
